Topographical form-Hill kya hota hai

 Phichhle blog post me hmne gradient ke bare me jankari prapt ki aur ab is blog post me hum topographical forms jaise hill, mountain, conical hill ya peak ke bare me jankari prapt karenge ! yh  topographica form ka pahla  post hai baki ke tipographical forms ke bare me mai aage ke blog post me cover karunga.

Is blog post ko padhne ke bad aap topographical form(dharataliya aakrito) ke nimnlikhit form ke bare me jpuri jankari prapt kar lenge :

1. Topographical form kya hota hai?  
2. Hill Kya hota hai, aur use map per kaise dikhaya jata hai?
3. Mountain kya hota hai aur use map per kaise dikhaya jata hai?
4. Conical Hill kise kahate Hain aur use map per kaise dikhaya jata hai?
5. Peak Kise kahate Hain aur use map per kaise dikhaya jata hai?

1. Topographical form:-map Reading ki sikhlai me vah chijen topographical forms kahlati  hai Jin se a unki jameen ki banawat ka sahaj anuman ho jata hai.

 Is bhi padhe: Gradient kya hota hai ?

2. Hil kya hota hai :-Hill jameen ke us uthe hue bhag ko hill yah pahadi kahate Hain jis ki unchai samudra tal se 3000 feet se kam ho. 

3. Mountain kya hota hai :-mountain jameen ka vah uncha utha vah bhag jis ki uchai samudra tal se 3000 kide se adhik Ho use mountain ya parvat karte Hain. 

 Is bhi padhe: Latitute kya hota hai ?

4.Conical hill kya hota hai aur use map kaise dikhaya jata hai:-conical pahadi ya hill usko kahte hai jiski sabhi aur ki dhalan ek jaisi Ho ho uski shakal niche se golkar hoti hai isko iwali contour  line map per bhi golakar hoti hai aur aakhir mein sabse uncha sthan per Bindu ki shakal mein badal jaati hai. Conical Hill aam taur par jwalamukhi wale deshon mein Pai jaati hai. map ke upar se bhure rang ke control line se is prakar se dikhaya jata hai.

5. Peak ya choti kya hota hai aur use map par kaise dikhaya jata hai :-kisi pahadi yah parvat ki sabse unchi jagah ko choti karte hain. Map par choti ki unchai sthanik tribhujakar unchai se dikhai jaati hai map ke upar ise bhure rang ke control line se is prakar se dikhaya jata hai.

Iske sath hi topographical forms se sambandhit yh blog post samapt huwa ummid hai ki aapko yh post pasand aayega. baki ke topographical form ke bare me aage ke blog post me jankari diya jayega . agar ye blog bpost pasand aaye to please hamare facebook  aur youtube channel page ko like ttha subscribe kare ttha regular update pane ke lie is blog ko subscribe kare.

Gradient kya hota hai?

Jaise kisi bhi subject ke training ke dauran kuchh aise terms aate hai jo ki agar un terms ka sahi meaning nahi malum ho to ham us subject ki sahi tarike se adhayan nahi kar sakte hai same kahani map reading ke sath bhi hai iske andar bhi bahut se aise terms hai jinka meaning jane bina map reading ko sikhna sambhaw nahi hai. Isi lie is video  me hm map reading ke kuchh technical terms ka meaning janege. Aise to map reading me bahut se terms hai jinko janna ek video me sambhaw nahi hai islie part wise video hai

1.Gradient: Bhinno(Fractions) me dikhai gai dhalano ko gradient kahte hai athwa khade aur pade fasle ke anupat ko gradient kahte hai . Jaise 1/30 ka matlab hai 30 meter chalne ke bad khadi uchai 1 meter hogi.

2.Tangent: degree me batai gai dhlano ko tangent kahte hai.

3. Mean grid North: map par kai grid rekhye hone ki wajah se inki konatamak duri duri true North rekha se antar alag alag hota hai.  Nakshe ke lie iska madh maan (Mean) nikal lete hai jo mean grid north kahlata hai. Madhyamik scale ke maps me kyo ki kafi jyada bhubhag dikhaya jata hai is lie yh karwahi aur bhi aawashyak ho jati hai.

4. Base line: wah rekha jaha par khade hokar koi bhi sketch banaya  jata hai !

5. Fixed point: map par dusre jameeni chinho ki sahayata se gyat ki hui thik stithi ko sthapit chinh ya fixed point kahte hai

6. Rekha(Ray): wah rekha jo apni stithi ya jagah se dusre nishan tak  khinchi jati hai ya ek nishanKo dusre nishan se milati hai use rekha kahte hai

7. Ploting: Kisi bhumi par ke chinho ko map par nischit karna plotting kahlata hai.

8.Maridiean: wastwik utari dhurw(North pole se dakshini  dhurw (South Pole ko milane  wali rekha ko maridian kahte hai.

9. Master Map: jab ek map kisi khas uddeshy ya vishes jankari hetu mark karte hai jiski sahayata se dusre  maps ko durust ya mark kiya ja sake use master map kahte hai.

10. Master compass: yh was compas hota hai jiski apni truti ka yakin hone ke bad hum unki madd se dusre compass ki apni truti ka pata lagate hai.

Longitude kya hota hai?

Introduction:Jaise kisi bhi subject ke training ke dauran kuchh aise terms aate hai jo ki agar un terms ka sahi meaning nahi malum ho to ham us subject ki sahi tarike se adhayan nahi kar sakte hai same kahani map reading ke sath bhi hai iske andar bhi bahut se aise terms hai jinka meaning jane bina map reading ko sikhna sambhaw nahi hai. Isi lie is video  me hm map reading ke kuchh technical terms ka meaning janege. Aise to map reading me bahut se terms hai jinko janna ek video me sambhaw nahi hai islie part wise video hai:

FOllowing Terms will be cover in this video

1.Longitude: survey map par kale rang se khichi gai khadi rekhao ko longitude ya Deshantar Rekha kahte hai jo map par true north ko prakat karti hai. Inhe true north ki rekha bhi kahte hai 

2. Latitude: Survey map par kale rang ki khichi gai padi/horizental rekhaye  ko akshansh ya latitude rekha kahte hai.

3.Gratiticule: Survey maps par akshan aur deshantar rekhao ke bichhe jaal ko gratiticule kahte hai.

4. Isogonal: chhote scale ke maps ke pure ilake me magnetic variation  ek sman nahi hota hai . Atah in maps par jaha Jaha antar sman hota hai waha se hoti hui ek rekha khich jati hai jiseIsogonal kahte hai.

5.Re-section: map par apni jagah nishchit karne ki us vishi ko re-section kahte hai jisme map par hm do ya do se jyada jaane hue sthano se apni jagah ki or rekhaye khichte hai

6. Inter Section: kisi anjan sthan ki jagah ko malum karne ke lie jm map  par kinhi do ya teen Jane hue sthano se rekhaye khichte hai to is prakar anjan sthan ki jagah malum karne ki vidhi Ko inter section kahte hai.

7. Orientation: Orientation ka vyawharik arth plane table sketch ko jameenpar is prakar se rekhaye Hota hai ki jisse bnaye ja rahe sketch ka north jameen ki north ki or ishara kare.

8.Orienteering: map aur jameen ko ek rup karne ki vyawaharik vidhi ko orienteering kahte hai.Is vidhi se map ke skill me ruchi badhai ja sakti hai athwa nipunta prapt ki ja sakti hai.

9.Relief: Jameen ki uchai aur nichai ttha tuti futi jameen ityadi ko kisi model par hubhu dikhane ko relief kahte hai.

10.Contour: Survey maps par Brown range se khichi gai o rekhaye contour ya contour rekhaye kahlati hai jo smaundr satah se nischit uchai wale bhu bhag se gujrati hui apni apni Uchai ki rekhao me aakar milti hai. Inki madad se map par bhinn bhinn sthano ka samundr tal se uchai darshai jati hai.

11. Verical Line(Khada fasle ka antar): kinhi do ya do se adhik sthano  ki unchai ya contour laine ki unchai ke antar ko verical interval kahte hai. Isko relief ke madad se dikhaya jata hai

12. Horizental Equivalent: Kinhi do sthano ya nishano ke bich ki sidhi padi duri ko Horizental Equivalent Kahte hai. Isko map par service protector ya mathmatical formula se nikala jata hai.

13. Form line: sketchs par nischit uchai ke bad contour rekhao ke saman  khichi jane wali rekhaye form line kahlati hai. Ye rekhaye aadhe contour  rekhao ke saman hi khichi jati hai .

14.Datum lavel: kisi map ya sketch me dikhaye gaye jamini ilake ke

sabse nichle bhag ki samundr satah se unchai ko datum level kahte hai.

Map ke technical Terms-I

Introduction:Jaise kisi bhi subject ke training ke dauran kuchh aise terms aate hai jo ki agar un terms ka sahi meaning nahi malum ho to ham us subject ki sahi tarike se adhayan nahi kar sakte hai same kahani map reading ke sath bhi hai iske andar bhi bahut se aise terms hai jinka meaning jane bina map reading ko sikhna sambhaw nahi hai. Isi lie is video  me hm map reading ke kuchh technical terms ka meaning janege. Aise to map reading me bahut se terms hai jinko janna ek video me sambhaw nahi hai islie part wise video hai:

FOllowing Terms will be cover in this video

1.True North

2.Grid north

3.Magnetic north

4.Local magnetic Attraction

5.Compass’s error

6.Degree

7.Magnetic variation

8.Angle of convergence

9.Local variation

10.Bearing

11.Forward bearing

12.Back bearing

Conventional sign kaise hote hai

Friends, maine yah ek new blog start kiya hu jaha par mai mai reading se sambandhit jo post hai ya mere dwara banaye gaye youtube video ki jankari yaha pe share karuga.usi series me mera ys pahla video hai jaha pe mane map reading se sambandhit nimn subject ke upar detail se jankari share kiya hu. agar video pasand aaye to mere channel of subscribe kare.

is new video me hm conventional sign kaise hote hai uske ke bare me jankari prapt karege

Conventional Sign Banane ki vidhi

Friends, maine yah ek new blog start kiya hu jaha par mai mai reading se sambandhit jo post hai ya mere dwara banaye gaye youtube video ki jankari yaha pe share karuga.usi series me mera ys pahla video hai jaha pe mane map reading se sambandhit nimn subject ke upar detail se jankari share kiya hu. agar video pasand aaye to mere channel of subscribe kare.

is new video me hm conventional sign ke bare me jankari prapt karege.

Jaise ki conventional sign ki jarurat kya:

Introduction:Map kisi jameeni ilake ka chhote rup me chitran to hota hai prantu map me itni jagah nahi hota hai ki jameen ki sabhi aakritio ke  hubahu chitr banakar uske nam likh diye jaaye Islie jameen ki aakritio ko map par dikhane ke lie kuch nishchit chinho ka prayog kiya jata hai  , jinki madd se chhoti shaklo me jamini aakritio ko map par dikhya jata hai 

1.Conventional Sign ka paribhasha: Survey of India dwara nischit kiye gaye un nishano ko convenstional sign ya rudhi chinh kahte hai jinki madad se kudrati ya banawati aakritio ko map pe dikhaya jata hai .

2.Type of convention sign

(i) Survey Sign : survey department dwara nishchit kiye gaye   un nishano ko survey sign kahte hai jinki dwara jamin ke   kudrati ya banawati nishan map pe dikhaye jate hai

(ii) Military Symbol : sena mukhyalay dwara nishchit  kiye   gaye un nishano ko military symbol kahte hai jinke dwara   sena sambandhit suchnaye map par dikhai jati hai. Ye gopniy   hoti hai.

Method of making conventional sign.

i.  aakriti Banake

i.Pade rukh me :pade rukh me conventional sign usi rup me banaye jate hai jis rup me wah uchai se dikhai dete hai !jin jamini nishano ko pade rukh me banaye jate hai we hai : Road, railway line, river, canal, jheel, city, village yad

ii.Khade rukh: is vidhi me conventional signs aise rup me banaye jate hai jis rup me jameni nishan samne se dikhai dete hai . Jin jamini nishano ko khade rukh me banate hai we hai : church, tomb, idgah, temple, pagoda mosque.

iii.Samany rukh:sadharn rup me conventional signsaisi sakhl me banaye jate hai jisse un nishano ka bhaw prakat hota hai jaise do tslwar se ladai ke maidan! Jin jameni nishan ko is vidhi se dikhaye jate hai we is prakar se hai : katai, bharai, embarkment, surang .

ii.Diagrams bana ke : is vidhi se un jamini nishano ko signs banaye jate hai jinki aakriti aur banawat ek jaisi hoti hai. Kuchh jamini nishan ki aakritiya banakar unke sath sath nam likh dete hai jaise – chimni, khan dwar, yadgar! Kuchh conventional signs english ke capital letter se dikhaye jate hai jaise PO(post office), RH(Rest House),PS(Police station)DB(Dak Bunglow)IB(Inspection bunglow) etc.

iii.By using color:kuchh jamini nishan rang bhar ke dikhai jate hai ! Rango ka prayog is prakar se kiya jata hai jisse ki us nishan ka bhaw ya matlab pta lag sake jaise pani ko nile rang, kheti ko pile rang, pahadi ko ko bhure jangle ko hare rang hospital ke lal cross khali kuwe ko kewal circle aur pani se bhare kuwe ko circle ke andar blue rang bhar kar dikhate hai !4. Conventional signs of the basis of scale

i.Map ki scale ke anusar:kuchh jamini nishan map ke usi scale ke anusar banate hai jis scale me map hai jaise village, city,river,dam etc.

ii.Map ke scale se bada banake: Kuchh nishan jo ki bahu t hi chhote akar ke hote hai unhe bada kar ke bdikhaya jata

Conventional signs ka size: aam taur pe conventional signs 4 x 4 millimeter hota hai . Kuchh conventional sign 2 millimeter chaurai se dikhaye jate hai jo ki lambe rukh me hote hai jaise Road, nahar aadi, inki lambai nischit nahi hoti hai .

6.Military symbol:Military symbol char prakar ke hote hai:

1.Troops se sambandhit

2.Arms sambandhit

3.Saman sambandhit

4.Field fortification sambandhithai 

Map’s outer information

Friends, maine yah ek new blog start kiya hu jaha par mai mai reading se sambandhit jo post hai ya mere dwara banaye gaye youtube video ki jankari yaha pe share karuga.usi series me mera ys pahla video hai jaha pe mane map reading se sambandhit nimn subject ke upar detail se jankari share kiya hu. agar video pasand aaye to mere channel of subscribe kare.

Map’s outer information

Is video ke andar aap map ke outer information ke bare me jankari prapt karernge  jo ki is prkar se hai 

1.Map’s heading

2.Map’s sub heading

3.Year of Survey

4.Name of Country

5.GSGSNo

6.Edition

7.Map sheet No

8.Situation of North

9.Conventional Sign

10 Map Sheet  index

11.Scale

12.Contour Interval

13.Reference

14.Copy right

15.Cost of map

16.Gridded